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1 שבר I
שֶׁבֶרI m. (b. h.; שָׁבַר I) 1) break, fracture. Sabb.XXII, 6 אין מחזירין את הש׳ you must not set a fracture (on the Sabbath). Tbul Yom IV, 7 שלום מן הש׳וכ׳ (he meant) that it will be brought up in safety without being broken and without being spilt; Y.Ter.II, 41c top; a. e.Trnsf. destruction, calamity. Gen. R. s. 91 (play on שֶׁבֶר, Gen. 42:1, a. סֵבֶר) כי יש ש׳ זה הרעב כי יש סבר זה השבעוכ׳ ‘that there is a calamity, that means the famine; ‘that there is brightness, that means plenty Ib. והלא כבר נאמר ותרעב … יש ש׳ has it not been said before, ‘and all the land of Egypt was hungry? what is meant by ‘there is a calamity in Egypt? Pesik. Vattom., p. 129b> (not שכר); Yalk. Ps. 816, v. שָׁבַר I; a. e.Pl. שְׁבָרִים, constr. שִׁבְרֵי. Gen. R. s. 30 (ref. to Job 12:5) שהיו מוכנים לשני ש׳ לשבר מלמעלןוכ׳ they were predestined for two calamities, for destruction from above (rain), and for destruction from below (rise of the deeps). Ex. R. s. 18, v. שָׁבַר I. Kel. XI, 3, a. fr. שברי כלים fragments of vessels, broken vessels. B. Bath.14b שברי לוחות the tablets broken by Moses. Ber.8b הזהרו בזקן … לוחות ושבריוכ׳ be careful not to despise an old man that has forgotten his learning through no fault of his, for we are told, the (whole) tablets and the broken ones were deposited in the Ark; Men.99a; a. fr. 2) a broken ejaculation, sigh, esp. the broken disconnected sounds produced on the Shofar. Y.Taan.II, 65b top (play on אֵד, Gen. 2:6) עלה ש׳ מלמטןוכ׳ when the broken tune (at the prayer meeting) rises from below, at once the rain comes down.Pl. as ab. R. Hash. 34a שיעור תרועה כשלשה ש׳ the value of a truʿah (a succession of tremulous sounds) is equal to three shbarim. Ib. אתקין … שלשה ש׳ תרועהוכ׳ R. Abbahu introduced in Cæsaræa (for the New Years Day) the blowing of a tḳiʿah (a succession of connected notes), three shbarim, a truʿah, and a tḳi‘ah; a. e. -
2 שֶׁבֶר
שֶׁבֶרI m. (b. h.; שָׁבַר I) 1) break, fracture. Sabb.XXII, 6 אין מחזירין את הש׳ you must not set a fracture (on the Sabbath). Tbul Yom IV, 7 שלום מן הש׳וכ׳ (he meant) that it will be brought up in safety without being broken and without being spilt; Y.Ter.II, 41c top; a. e.Trnsf. destruction, calamity. Gen. R. s. 91 (play on שֶׁבֶר, Gen. 42:1, a. סֵבֶר) כי יש ש׳ זה הרעב כי יש סבר זה השבעוכ׳ ‘that there is a calamity, that means the famine; ‘that there is brightness, that means plenty Ib. והלא כבר נאמר ותרעב … יש ש׳ has it not been said before, ‘and all the land of Egypt was hungry? what is meant by ‘there is a calamity in Egypt? Pesik. Vattom., p. 129b> (not שכר); Yalk. Ps. 816, v. שָׁבַר I; a. e.Pl. שְׁבָרִים, constr. שִׁבְרֵי. Gen. R. s. 30 (ref. to Job 12:5) שהיו מוכנים לשני ש׳ לשבר מלמעלןוכ׳ they were predestined for two calamities, for destruction from above (rain), and for destruction from below (rise of the deeps). Ex. R. s. 18, v. שָׁבַר I. Kel. XI, 3, a. fr. שברי כלים fragments of vessels, broken vessels. B. Bath.14b שברי לוחות the tablets broken by Moses. Ber.8b הזהרו בזקן … לוחות ושבריוכ׳ be careful not to despise an old man that has forgotten his learning through no fault of his, for we are told, the (whole) tablets and the broken ones were deposited in the Ark; Men.99a; a. fr. 2) a broken ejaculation, sigh, esp. the broken disconnected sounds produced on the Shofar. Y.Taan.II, 65b top (play on אֵד, Gen. 2:6) עלה ש׳ מלמטןוכ׳ when the broken tune (at the prayer meeting) rises from below, at once the rain comes down.Pl. as ab. R. Hash. 34a שיעור תרועה כשלשה ש׳ the value of a truʿah (a succession of tremulous sounds) is equal to three shbarim. Ib. אתקין … שלשה ש׳ תרועהוכ׳ R. Abbahu introduced in Cæsaræa (for the New Years Day) the blowing of a tḳiʿah (a succession of connected notes), three shbarim, a truʿah, and a tḳi‘ah; a. e. -
3 תבר II, תברא
תְּבַרII, תַּבְרָא, תְּבָרָא m. (preced.) 1) break, fracture; breach, misfortune. Targ. Lev. 24:20. Targ. O. ib. 21:19, v. תְּבִיר. Targ. Job 6:21; a. fr.Taan.31a וקרי ליה יום ת׳ מגל and it is called the day of breaking the axe; Lam. R. introd. (R. Zʿera). 2) contradiction. Gen. R. s. 30 אף היא לא ת׳ this, too, is no contradiction of the rule; Esth. R. to II, 5 תַּבְרָה. Sabb.92b; B. Kam.47b, a. fr. ת׳ מי ששנה זווכ׳ there is a contradiction (between the two clauses of the Mishnah); he that taught the one, v. שָׁנָה I; (R. Ḥănanel: excommunication (v. infra), meant as an imprecation). 3) refutation, answer. Kidd.74b (in Hebr. dict.) א״כ מצידה תַּבְרָהּ (Var. in Ar. s. v. צד: מצמדה) if this be so, its refutation is taken from what is next to it. 4) = h. שוֹבֵר, receipt. B. Bath. 173a ונחזי ת׳ … דכתיב let us see in whose name the receipt is written. 5) pl. תַּבְרֵי = h. שְׁבָרִים (v. שֶׁבֶר) the broken sounds of the Shofar on proclaiming the excommunication of a person. M. Kat. 17b מאי ת׳ … תבריוכ׳ Rashi (ed. incorr. תברא) why is the blowing of the Shofar at excommunications called tabré (breaks)?… They break down high houses. -
4 תְּבַר
תְּבַרII, תַּבְרָא, תְּבָרָא m. (preced.) 1) break, fracture; breach, misfortune. Targ. Lev. 24:20. Targ. O. ib. 21:19, v. תְּבִיר. Targ. Job 6:21; a. fr.Taan.31a וקרי ליה יום ת׳ מגל and it is called the day of breaking the axe; Lam. R. introd. (R. Zʿera). 2) contradiction. Gen. R. s. 30 אף היא לא ת׳ this, too, is no contradiction of the rule; Esth. R. to II, 5 תַּבְרָה. Sabb.92b; B. Kam.47b, a. fr. ת׳ מי ששנה זווכ׳ there is a contradiction (between the two clauses of the Mishnah); he that taught the one, v. שָׁנָה I; (R. Ḥănanel: excommunication (v. infra), meant as an imprecation). 3) refutation, answer. Kidd.74b (in Hebr. dict.) א״כ מצידה תַּבְרָהּ (Var. in Ar. s. v. צד: מצמדה) if this be so, its refutation is taken from what is next to it. 4) = h. שוֹבֵר, receipt. B. Bath. 173a ונחזי ת׳ … דכתיב let us see in whose name the receipt is written. 5) pl. תַּבְרֵי = h. שְׁבָרִים (v. שֶׁבֶר) the broken sounds of the Shofar on proclaiming the excommunication of a person. M. Kat. 17b מאי ת׳ … תבריוכ׳ Rashi (ed. incorr. תברא) why is the blowing of the Shofar at excommunications called tabré (breaks)?… They break down high houses.
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